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Altered gene expression in human placentas after IVF/ICSI.

Ewka C M Nelissen1, John C M Dumoulin1, Florence Busato2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Human Reproduction (Oxford, England)
|October 16, 2014
PubMed
Summary

In vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) pregnancies show altered placental gene expression, specifically for H19 and PHLDA2, not due to loss of imprinting. These changes may impact fetal development and maternal health.

Keywords:
IVF/ICSIgene expressionhumanimprintingplacenta

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Genomic imprinting is crucial for placental development and function.
  • IVF/ICSI pregnancies have higher rates of placenta-related issues, but the role of epigenetic changes is unclear.
  • Placental development impacts fetal well-being and adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if gene expression in placentas of IVF/ICSI pregnancies differs from spontaneous conceptions.
  • To determine if observed alterations in imprinted genes are caused by loss of imprinting (LOI).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study comparing 81 IVF/ICSI placentas with 105 controls.
  • Quantitative PCR analyzed mRNA expression of growth-related imprinted genes (H19, IGF2, PHLDA2, CDKN1C, MEST).
  • Allele-specific expression analysis assessed LOI; microarray analysis examined non-imprinted genes.

Main Results:

  • H19 and PHLDA2 mRNA expression were significantly increased in IVF/ICSI placentas (1.3-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively).
  • No increased frequency of LOI was detected in IVF/ICSI samples.
  • Genome-wide analysis revealed 13 overrepresented biological pathways, mostly upregulated in IVF/ICSI placentas.

Conclusions:

  • IVF/ICSI is associated with altered placental gene expression of H19 and PHLDA2, independent of LOI.
  • The study cannot definitively attribute differences to IVF/ICSI technique or underlying subfertility.
  • Observed placental adaptations may influence fetal development and long-term health, but their connection to perinatal outcomes requires further investigation.