Spontaneous coronary artery dissection causing acute coronary syndrome in a young patient without risk factors
Parag Chevli1, Fnu Kelash2, Pragnesh Gadhvi3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Jersey City Medical Center, Jersey City, NJ, USA.
Insights
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of heart attack, particularly in young women. This case highlights successful treatment of SCAD in a young woman using angioplasty and stent placement.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an uncommon cause of acute myocardial infarction (MI), predominantly affecting younger women.
- While the exact etiology remains unclear, predisposing factors include genetic conditions, pregnancy, drug abuse, and coronary artery abnormalities.
Observation:
- A young woman presented with acute coronary syndrome, characterized by sudden chest pain.
- Coronary angiography revealed dissection of the left anterior descending artery.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD).
- Successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent placement was performed.
Implications:
- This case demonstrates the feasibility and success of interventional treatment for SCAD in young patients.
- Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for favorable outcomes in SCAD cases.
Abstract:
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute myocardial infarction that is more common in younger patients (under age 50) and in women. Although the etiology is not known, some predisposing conditions to SCAD are well known and include Marfan syndrome, pregnancy and peripartum state, drug abuse, and some anatomical abnormalities of the coronary arteries such as aneurysms and severe kinking. We describe a case of SCAD in a young woman who presented with sudden onset of chest pain and was admitted for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. The coronary angiography showed dissection of the left anterior descending artery. The patient underwent successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent placement.
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