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Brake wear particle emissions: a review
Theodoros Grigoratos1, Giorgio Martini
1European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Sustainable Transport Unit (STU), Institute for Energy and Transport (IET), Via E Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy, theodoros.grigoratos@jrc.ec.europa.eu.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|October 17, 2014
Summary
Brake wear is a major source of urban particulate matter (PM) pollution, contributing significantly to non-exhaust traffic emissions. Stricter regulations on exhaust may increase the importance of brake wear particles, necessitating further study and potential regulation.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Mechanical Engineering
- Public Health
Background:
- Traffic is a primary source of urban particulate matter (PM).
- Exhaust and non-exhaust emissions contribute nearly equally to traffic-related PM10.
- Non-exhaust particles arise from wear (brakes, tires, road) and resuspension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of knowledge on PM from brake wear.
- To detail the significance, characteristics, emission factors, and health effects of brake wear PM.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific studies on brake wear particulate matter.
Main Results:
- Brake wear is a substantial contributor to non-exhaust PM10, especially in high-traffic urban areas.
- In urban settings, brake wear can account for up to 55% of non-exhaust PM10 and 21% of total traffic PM10.
- Brake wear's relative contribution to PM emissions is increasing as exhaust controls tighten.
Conclusions:
- Brake wear PM is a growing concern for urban air quality.
- The increasing significance of brake wear emissions may require regulatory attention.
- Further research into brake wear PM's characteristics, impacts, and control is warranted.
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