Host response biomarkers in sepsis: overview on sTREM-1 detection

The diagnosis of sepsis, and especially its differentiation from sterile inflammation, may be challenging. TREM-1, the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, is an amplifier of the innate immune response. Its soluble form acts as a decoy for the natural TREM-1 ligand and dampens its activation. In this chapter, we review the numerous studies that have evaluated the usefulness of sTREM-1 concentration determination for the diagnosis and the prognosis evaluation of sepsis or localized infection. Nowadays, sandwich ELISA kits are available and the assay is described.