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Decompression sickness ('the bends') in sea turtles.

D García-Párraga1, J L Crespo-Picazo, Y Bernaldo de Quirós

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This summary is machine-generated.

Decompression sickness (DCS) is now diagnosed in loggerhead sea turtles. This finding is crucial for understanding marine vertebrate physiology and mitigating bycatch impacts.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Diving Physiology

Background:

  • Decompression sickness (DCS) is well-documented in terrestrial animals but not reported in aquatic breath-hold diving vertebrates.
  • Sea turtles possess adaptations for gas exchange and decompression, similar to diving mammals.
  • DCS-like lesions have been noted in marine mammals following acoustic disturbance or bycatch.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and diagnose decompression sickness (DCS) in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta).
  • To document the occurrence and pathological presentation of DCS in sea turtles.
  • To establish a foundation for further research into sea turtle diving physiology and conservation.

Main Methods:

  • Clinico-pathological diagnosis of DCS in 67 loggerhead sea turtles, with 29 showing gas embolization.
  • Diagnostic imaging including radiography, computed tomography, and ultrasound to evaluate gas embolization.
  • Clinical observation of symptom reversal with recompression in live turtles and postmortem analysis of tissues.

Main Results:

  • A clinico-pathological condition consistent with DCS was diagnosed in 29 loggerhead sea turtles.
  • Gas embolization was identified in vital organs of affected turtles, both live and deceased.
  • Intravascular bubbles' composition confirmed DCS, and two live turtles showed positive response to recompression.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first definitive diagnosis of DCS in sea turtles.
  • Findings highlight the vulnerability of sea turtles to DCS, particularly in relation to bycatch.
  • The diagnosis opens new avenues for research in sea turtle physiology, conservation, and comparative studies.