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Limitations to THz generation by optical rectification using tilted pulse fronts.

Koustuban Ravi, W Ronny Huang, Sergio Carbajo

    Optics Express
    |October 17, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    Terahertz (THz) generation via optical rectification is limited by spectral broadening and angular dispersion. These effects, stemming from THz generation, significantly degrade efficiency in lithium niobate, contrary to simpler models.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Optoelectronics

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) generation via optical rectification (OR) is a key technology for THz applications.
    • Tilted-pulse-fronts are commonly used to enhance THz generation efficiency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the limitations of THz generation using tilted-pulse-fronts in lithium niobate.
    • To develop a comprehensive model accounting for nonlinear optical effects and dispersion.

    Main Methods:

    • A 1-D numerical model was developed, incorporating nonlinear coupled interactions, dispersion (angular and material), absorption, self-phase modulation, and stimulated Raman scattering.
    • The model's predictions were validated using a 2-D spatial model and experimental results.

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    Main Results:

    • The study demonstrates that spectral broadening of the optical pump pulse, a consequence of THz generation, significantly impacts OR efficiency.
    • Large angular dispersion from tilted-pulse-fronts, combined with spectral broadening, accentuates phase mismatch and degrades THz generation.
    • Excluding these cascading effects in OR models leads to an overestimation of optical-to-THz conversion efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Cascading effects and angular dispersion are identified as the primary limitations for THz generation in lithium niobate at 1 µm pumping.
    • Accurate modeling of OR must include these nonlinear effects for reliable predictions of THz generation efficiency.