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Do older adults perceive postural constraints for reach estimation?

Alberto Cordova1, Carl Gabbard

  • 1a Department of Health and Kinesiology , University of Texas at San Antonio , San Antonio , Texas , USA.

Experimental Aging Research
|October 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Older adults adjust movement perception based on posture. Unlike younger adults who overestimate reach, older adults showed reduced overestimation in a demanding standing posture, indicating better perception of postural constraints.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Motor Control
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Older adults exhibit difficulties in mental representation of movements.
  • Previous studies show older adults overestimate reach ability during motor imagery compared to younger adults.
  • The current study investigates if older adults also struggle with perceiving postural constraints during reach estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine how postural demands influence reach estimation in older adults.
  • To compare the reach estimation strategies of young and older adults under different postural conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Young (mean age 22) and older (mean age 67) adults participated.
  • Reach estimation was assessed in both seated and standing-leaning forward positions.
  • The study analyzed overestimation and underestimation patterns in relation to postural conditions.

Main Results:

  • In a seated position, both young and older adults overestimated their reach.
  • In a standing, leaning forward position, older adults underestimated reach, while younger adults continued to overestimate.
  • A significant postural effect was observed, with older adults showing reduced overestimation in the demanding standing condition.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults demonstrate an awareness of postural constraints and adapt their movement programming accordingly.
  • The findings suggest older adults employ a more conservative motor strategy when faced with increased postural demands.
  • This perception of postural constraints influences motor imagery and reach estimation in aging individuals.