Study of the effects of vocal tract constriction on glottal vibration

Characteristics of glottal vibration are affected by the obstruction to the flow of air through the vocal tract system. The obstruction to the airflow is determined by the nature, location, and extent of constriction in the vocal tract during production of voiced sounds. The effects of constriction on glottal vibration are examined for six different categories of speech sounds having varying degree of constriction. The effects are examined in terms of source and system features derived from the speech and electroglottograph signals. It is observed that a high degree of constriction causing obstruction to the flow of air results in large changes in these features, relative to the adjacent steady vowel regions, as in the case of apical trill and alveolar fricative sounds. These changes are insignificant when the obstruction to the airflow is less, as in the case of velar fricative and lateral approximant sounds. There are no changes in the excitation features when there is a free flow of air along the auxiliary tract, despite constriction in the vocal tract, as in the case of nasals. These studies show that effects of constriction can indeed be observed in the features of glottal vibration as well as vocal tract resonances.