Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Oxygenic Photosynthesis01:26

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

980
Oxygenic photosynthesis is a fundamental process in which light energy is harnessed to drive the oxidation of water, leading to the production of molecular oxygen (O₂), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). This process is essential for sustaining aerobic life on Earth and is primarily carried out by cyanobacteria, algae, and plants. The core of oxygenic photosynthesis lies in the thylakoid membranes, where chlorophyll pigments facilitate...
980
Anoxygenic Photosynthesis01:30

Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

1.9K
Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green...
1.9K
Photosystem II01:22

Photosystem II

59.7K
The multi-protein complex photosystem II (PS II) harvests photons and transfers their energy through its bound pigments to its reaction center, and ultimately to photosystem I (PSI) through the electron transport chain. The pigments responsible for caputirng the light energy in photosystems include chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids.
The pigment molecules are arranged across  two photosystem domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
59.7K
What is Photosynthesis?00:39

What is Photosynthesis?

88.6K
Photosynthesis is a multipart, biochemical process that occurs in plants as well as in some bacteria. It captures carbon dioxide and solar energy to produce glucose. Glucose stores chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The overall biochemical formula of photosynthesis is 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere and is largely responsible for maintaining the Earth’s atmospheric oxygen content.
88.6K
What is Photosynthesis?01:00

What is Photosynthesis?

13.8K
All living organisms on Earth are directly or indirectly dependent on photosynthesis. It is the only biological process that can capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy that every organism can use to power its metabolism. Photosynthesis is also the source of oxygen required by many living organisms.
Types of Organisms Based on their Modes of Nutrition
Broadly, there are two main categories of organisms based on their modes of nutrition — autotrophs and...
13.8K
Photosystems01:32

Photosystems

6.9K
Photosystems are multiprotein complexes that form the functional units of photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They are found embedded in the membrane of tiny sac-like structures called thylakoids placed inside the chloroplast.
Functioning of Photosystems
Photosystems contain many pigment molecules, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, arranged in a particular organization across two domains — the antenna complex and the reaction center. The main aim of the pigment...
6.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Characterizing the effect of short wavelengths on the floral flavonoid metabolome of medicinal cannabis using a comparative computational metabolomics workflow.

Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society·2026
Same author

Far-red perception by vegetative organs and not fruits drives fruit growth responses in tomato plants.

Plant physiology·2026
Same author

Kinetic parameter prediction using neural networks identifies limitations to C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis.

The New phytologist·2026
Same author

Using ΦPSII and leaf temperature as indicators of non-steady-state photosynthesis and stomatal conductance during stepwise changes in light intensity.

Journal of experimental botany·2026
Same author

The rate of photosynthetic induction across different light intensities can be approximated using the light response curve of photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis research·2026
Same author

CP26 is not involved in qE- or qZ-type non-photochemical quenching in Arabidopsis.

Plant physiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.3K

Dynamic photosynthesis in different environmental conditions.

Elias Kaiser1, Alejandro Morales2, Jeremy Harbinson3

  • 1Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, PO Box 630, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands elias.kaiser@wur.nl.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|October 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic photosynthesis, crucial for fluctuating light, is poorly understood. This review synthesizes data on environmental impacts on photosynthetic processes, identifying key research gaps for future study.

Keywords:
CO2 assimilationCarbon dioxidefluctuating irradiancelight transientslightflecksunflecktemperaturevapour pressure deficit.

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Efficiency in Photorespiratory Mutants by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis
10:46

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Efficiency in Photorespiratory Mutants by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis

Published on: December 9, 2022

1.9K
Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting
08:40

Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting

Published on: February 14, 2019

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses
10:20

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Behaviors by Simultaneous Measurements of Leaf Reflectance and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analyses

Published on: August 9, 2019

12.3K
Evaluation of Photosynthetic Efficiency in Photorespiratory Mutants by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis
10:46

Evaluation of Photosynthetic Efficiency in Photorespiratory Mutants by Chlorophyll Fluorescence Analysis

Published on: December 9, 2022

1.9K
Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting
08:40

Separation of Spinach Thylakoid Protein Complexes by Native Green Gel Electrophoresis and Band Characterization using Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting

Published on: February 14, 2019

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Physiology
  • Photosynthesis Research
  • Environmental Plant Science

Background:

  • Steady-state photosynthesis responses are well-studied, but dynamic photosynthesis modulation remains poorly understood.
  • Dynamic photosynthesis is critical for plants experiencing fluctuating incident irradiance.
  • Existing knowledge on dynamic photosynthetic responses is scattered and lacks a mechanistic framework.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the discrepancy in knowledge regarding dynamic photosynthesis.
  • To summarize available data on environmental modulation of dynamic photosynthesis.
  • To identify research questions for advancing the understanding of dynamic photosynthesis using a mechanistic framework.

Main Methods:

  • Separation of dynamic photosynthesis into sub-processes: electron transport, non-photochemical quenching, Calvin cycle metabolite flux, and CO2 supply.
  • Description of environmental factor modulation on these sub-processes.
  • Identification of knowledge gaps and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Increased CO2 and moderate temperatures (up to ~35°C) enhance photosynthetic induction and reduce its loss.
  • Air humidity can modulate dynamic photosynthesis based on stomatal conductance sensitivity.
  • Environmental modulation of photosynthetic induction loss, mesophyll conductance, and stomatal limitations are key knowledge gaps.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic photosynthesis involves complex interactions between electron transport, Calvin cycle, and CO2 supply.
  • Environmental factors like CO2, temperature, and humidity significantly influence dynamic photosynthetic efficiency.
  • Future research on mutants and genetic transformants under varied conditions is crucial for understanding dynamic photosynthesis control.