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Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm formation: Two cases and review of the literature

Emmanouil Petrou1, Vasiliki Vartela1, Anna Kostopoulou1

  • 1Emmanouil Petrou, Vasiliki Vartela, Anna Kostopoulou, Panagiota Georgiadou, George Athanassopoulos, George Karatasakis, Division of Cardiology, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, GR-17674 Athens, Greece.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|October 18, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular wall rupture (LVWR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is often fatal but can be survived if a pseudoaneurysm forms. Prompt diagnosis via imaging and emergency surgery are crucial for survival and good long-term prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Left ventricular wall rupture (LVWR) is a rare but life-threatening complication following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  • Prompt recognition and intervention are critical due to the typically fatal nature of acute LVWR.

Observation:

  • This report details two cases of patients experiencing LVWR post-AMI, complicated by pseudoaneurysm formation.
  • Diagnostic modalities including echocardiography and computed tomography were instrumental in identifying the condition.

Findings:

  • Pseudoaneurysm formation can alter the typically fatal course of LVWR, offering a window for intervention.
  • Emergency surgical repair of LVWR, when feasible, significantly reduces mortality and improves patient outcomes.

Implications:

  • A high index of suspicion for LVWR in AMI patients is essential for timely diagnosis.
  • Surgical management of LVWR with pseudoaneurysm offers favorable short-term and long-term prognoses.
  • Further research into risk factors and preventative strategies for LVWR post-AMI is warranted.
Keywords:
Left ventricle ruptureMyocardial infarctionPseudoaneurysm

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