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Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
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Hughes syndrome and multiple sclerosis.

I Uthman1, M H A Noureldine2, A Berjawi2

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon iuthman@aub.edu.lb.

Lupus
|October 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) can mimic multiple sclerosis (MS) but differs in diagnosis and management. Differentiating features include thrombosis history, connective tissue disease, and MRI lesion patterns, potentially guiding treatment with anticoagulation.

Keywords:
Hughes syndromeantiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)multiple sclerosis (MS)

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) exhibit overlapping clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics.
  • Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are found in a significant percentage of MS patients, complicating differential diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare the diagnostic criteria, clinical presentations, and management strategies for MS and APS.
  • To identify key differentiating features that can aid clinicians in distinguishing between these two conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of English-language papers on MS and APS published between 1965 and 2014.
  • Utilized PubMed and Google Scholar databases for comprehensive search.
  • Analysis focused on clinical features, laboratory findings (aPL titers), and radiological evidence (MRI).

Main Results:

  • Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) can present similarly to antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positive MS.
  • aPL prevalence in MS patients ranges from 2% to 88%.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesion distribution and volume, along with thrombosis history or connective tissue disease, are crucial for differentiating MS from primary APS.

Conclusions:

  • While clinical presentations overlap, APS diagnosis, manifestations, and management are distinct from MS.
  • Atypical MS presentations, especially with thrombotic events or connective tissue disease history, warrant consideration of APS.
  • An anticoagulation trial may be beneficial in cases suggestive of APS mimicking MS.