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Cardiac tamponade presenting as early manifestation in dengue fever

Suresh Bendwal, Kavita Malviya, O P Jatav

    The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
    |October 21, 2014
    PubMed

    Insights

    Dengue fever can rarely cause cardiac tamponade, a life-threatening condition. Early diagnosis and drainage of pericardial effusion in dengue patients are crucial for survival.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne viral illness known for causing plasma leakage and effusions.
    • Pericardial effusion is an uncommon but serious complication of dengue, particularly during outbreaks.

    Observation:

    • A 34-year-old male presented with symptoms including fever, headache, myalgia, and breathlessness.
    • Echocardiography revealed a large pericardial effusion with right ventricular collapse, necessitating urgent drainage.

    Findings:

    • The patient's condition improved significantly after the pericardial effusion was drained.
    • Elevated dengue-specific IgM and IgG antibodies confirmed the diagnosis of classic dengue fever.

    Implications:

    • This case highlights dengue fever's potential to present with cardiac tamponade as an early manifestation.
    • Prompt recognition and intervention, such as pericardiocentesis, can be life-saving in managing dengue-associated cardiac complications.

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