Clinical classification of Caroli's disease: an analysis of 30 patients

Caroli's disease (CD) is a rare congenital disorder. The early diagnosis of the disease and differentiation of types I and II are of extreme importance to patient survival. This study was designed to review and discuss observations in 30 patients with CD and to clarify the clinical characteristics of the disease.

The demographic and clinical features, laboratory indicators, imaging findings and pathology results for 30 patients with CD were reviewed retrospectively.

Caroli's disease can occur at any age. The average age of onset in the study cohort was 24 years. Patients who presented with symptoms before the age of 40 years were more likely to develop type II CD. Approximately one-third of patients presented without positive signs at original diagnosis and most of these patients were found to have type I CD on pathology. Anaemia, leucopoenia and thrombocytopoenia were more frequent in patients with type II than type I CD. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computed tomography (CT) examinations were most useful in diagnosing CD.

No typical symptoms, signs or laboratory indicators are able to distinguish CD from other conditions. Both MRCP and CT were most valuable in diagnosis. The two types of CD may be differentiated by age of onset and routine blood tests.