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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Sampling and Analysis of Animal Scent Signals

Sampling and Analysis of Animal Scent Signals

Published on: February 13, 2021

Transitive inference in two lemur species (Eulemur macaco and Eulemur fulvus).

D Tromp¹, H Meunier, J J Roeder

¹Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UDS, UMR7178, Strasbourg, France; Centre de Primatologie de l'Université de Strasbourg, Niederhausbergen, France.

American Journal of Primatology

|October 21, 2014

Summary

Lemurs demonstrate transitive inference, a key deductive reasoning skill, by correctly ordering social hierarchies. This finding challenges previous assumptions about lemur cognitive abilities in complex social reasoning.

Keywords:

Eulemur fulvus Eulemur macaco cognition face recognition hierarchical classification social status transitive inference

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Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Cognitive Ethology
Primate Cognition
Behavioral Ecology

Background:

Lemurs were previously considered less competent than simians in reasoning tasks.
Transitive inference is crucial for rank estimation and dominance hierarchies in social species.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the transitive inference capabilities of two lemur species (brown and black lemurs).
To assess lemurs' deductive reasoning skills in a social context.

Main Methods:

Designed an novel experimental setup using conspecific facial images as stimuli.
Trained lemurs to establish a social rank order (A>B>C>D>E>F).
Tested lemurs' ability to infer relationships in non-adjacent pairs (BD, BE, CE).

Main Results:

All lemur subjects successfully inferred the social rank order.
Lemurs correctly identified the highest-ranking individual in novel, non-adjacent pairs.
This demonstrates a capacity for transitive inference in lemurs.

Conclusions:

Lemurs possess the cognitive capacity for transitive inference.
Findings contribute to understanding primate cognition and social reasoning mechanisms.
Challenges prior notions of lemur cognitive limitations in deductive reasoning.