Acute abdomen resulting from concurrent thrombosis of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Vascular Surgery
• Abdominal Imaging

Background:

• Mesenteric ischemia is a critical gastrointestinal disease with high mortality, frequently caused by superior mesenteric artery embolism or thrombosis.
• While celiac trunk occlusion is rare, concurrent obstruction of major mesenteric vessels presents a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
• Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes in acute mesenteric ischemia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of concurrent obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk.
• To highlight the diagnostic considerations and potential management strategies for this complex vascular presentation.
• To contribute to the understanding of rare etiologies of acute abdomen and mesenteric ischemia.

Main Methods:

• Case report detailing clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging (e.g., CT angiography), and treatment approach.
• Review of relevant literature on isolated and combined mesenteric and celiac artery occlusions.
• Multidisciplinary team discussion involving gastroenterology, vascular surgery, and radiology.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with acute abdomen secondary to simultaneous superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk obstruction.
• Diagnostic imaging confirmed the concurrent occlusion of both major visceral arteries.
• The case underscores the importance of comprehensive vascular assessment in suspected mesenteric ischemia.

Conclusions:

• Concurrent obstruction of the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk is an exceptionally rare but critical condition.
• Prompt diagnosis through advanced imaging is essential for timely intervention.
• This case emphasizes the need for heightened awareness among clinicians regarding complex mesenteric vascular pathologies.