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Related Concept Videos

Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Bulimia Nervosa01:30

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Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
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Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
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Quantifying the eating abnormalities in frontotemporal dementia.

Rebekah M Ahmed1, Muireann Irish2, Jonathan Kam3

  • 1Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia2Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia3ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

JAMA Neurology
|October 21, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eating abnormalities are common in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and semantic dementia (SD), leading to increased sugar and carbohydrate intake. These changes correlate with higher body mass index and waist circumference, not just hunger.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic Health
  • Dietary Science

Background:

  • Eating abnormalities are a core diagnostic criterion for behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD).
  • The prevalence and metabolic impact of eating abnormalities in other frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subtypes remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and quantify eating behaviors, nutrient intake (energy, sugar, carbohydrate, protein, fat), and metabolic health indices.
  • To compare these factors in patients with bvFTD and semantic dementia (SD) against Alzheimer disease (AD) and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, case-controlled study involving 75 dementia patients (bvFTD, SD, AD) and 18 healthy controls.
  • Caregiver completion of validated questionnaires on appetite, eating behaviors, and dietary composition.
  • Participant surveys on hunger/satiety; prospective collection of BMI and weight.

Main Results:

  • bvFTD patients showed significant abnormalities in appetite, eating habits, food preferences, swallowing, and oral behaviors compared to AD patients.
  • Both bvFTD and SD groups exhibited increased energy consumption.
  • bvFTD patients had higher carbohydrate intake, and SD patients had higher sugar intake compared to controls.
  • Abnormal eating behaviors were linked to higher BMI and waist circumference in bvFTD and SD groups.

Conclusions:

  • Prominent abnormal eating behaviors, beyond increased appetite, are observed in bvFTD and SD.
  • Elevated sugar and carbohydrate intake in these FTD subtypes are associated with metabolic indicators like BMI and waist circumference.
  • These dietary changes are not solely explained by increased hunger or reduced satiety.