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Celiac disease with pure red cell aplasia: an unusual hematologic association in pediatric age group

Sitangshu Chatterjee1, Pranab Kumar Dey1, Pratyay Roy1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Medical College Hospital, Govt. Housing Estate, Block-B, Flat-6, 82 Belgachia Road, Kolkata, 700037 West Bengal India.

Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion : an Official Journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion
|October 22, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Celiac disease (CD) can cause severe anemia, even pure red cell aplasia, a rare condition. This extra-digestive symptom in a child improved with a gluten-free diet.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Anemia is a common complication of Celiac disease (CD), typically hypoproliferative due to malabsorption.
  • Nutrient deficiencies, particularly iron, are frequent causes of anemia in CD patients.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old boy presented with severe anemia.
  • Bone marrow biopsy revealed pure red cell aplasia (PRCA).
  • The patient had a confirmed diagnosis of Celiac disease.

Findings:

  • The severe anemia was attributed to PRCA, an uncommon presentation of CD.
  • PRCA is a rare extra-digestive manifestation of Celiac disease.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via bone marrow biopsy.

Implications:

  • This case highlights PRCA as a potential, albeit rare, manifestation of Celiac disease.
  • A gluten-free diet can be an effective treatment for PRCA associated with CD.
  • Early diagnosis and dietary management are crucial for pediatric Celiac disease patients with hematologic complications.

Keywords:
Bone marrow biopsyCeliac diseaseGluten free dietPure red cell aplasia

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