Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
Published on: February 10, 2015
Two large processes at the acromial end of a clavicle: a case report
T Totlis1, G Paparoidamis1, G Sofidis1
1Laboratory of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Background/Aim:
The present study describes two unusual and large bony processes which were found at the acromial end of a dried human clavicle, due to their rarity and impressive appearance.
Description Of The Case:
At the anterior border of right dried clavicle we noticed a quadrilateral process having an articular surface at its free end, which probably articulated with the humeral head. At the posterior part of the clavicle inferior surface there was a large conoid process, which replaced the conoid tubercle. The conoid process did not appear any articular surface at its free end to be considered as a coracoclavicular joint.
Conclusion:
Although the conoid process of the clavicle may be congenital and usually articulates with the coracoid process of the scapula, in our case the conoid process was acquired and presented a rough and slightly sharp tip, without any joint surface. It was very interesting that the quadrilateral process found at the anterior border of the same clavicle was probably forming an accessory joint between the clavicle and the humeral head.
Related Concept Videos
Muscles of the Shoulder
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Muscles that Move the Arm
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus
Arteries of the Upper Limbs
Flail Chest-I
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...

