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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Tumor Transplantation for Assessing the Dynamics of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells in Mice
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Overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression.

Hans Anton Schlößer1, Sebastian Theurich, Alexander Shimabukuro-Vornhagen

  • 1Cologne Interventional Immunology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Immunotherapy
|October 24, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Tumors suppress immune responses, hindering cancer therapies. Overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression, particularly via immune checkpoint inhibitors, shows significant therapeutic promise.

Keywords:
CTLA-4PD-1PD-L1cancercheckpoint inhibitorsimmune escapeimmunotherapytumor-mediated immunosuppression

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Tumor-mediated immunosuppression is a key mechanism employed by various cancers to evade immune detection.
  • Tumors employ strategies like recruiting suppressive immune cells, secreting immunosuppressive cytokines, and expressing inhibitory surface molecules.
  • This immunosuppression poses a significant barrier to effective cancer immunotherapy and conventional treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of tumor-mediated immunosuppression.
  • To discuss how this immunosuppression impacts immunotherapeutic approaches.
  • To provide an overview of strategies for overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression, with emphasis on clinically relevant interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on tumor immunology and cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which tumors suppress anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging strategies to counteract tumor-induced immune suppression.

Main Results:

  • Tumor-mediated immunosuppression involves multiple cellular and molecular pathways.
  • Effective counteraction of immunosuppression is crucial for successful immunotherapy.
  • Clinical success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1) demonstrates the potential of overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

  • Tumor-mediated immunosuppression is a critical hurdle in cancer treatment.
  • Strategies to overcome immunosuppression are vital for enhancing immunotherapeutic efficacy.
  • Targeting immune checkpoints represents a successful clinical approach to reversing tumor-induced immune suppression.