Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Fluorescent Leakage Assay to Investigate Membrane Destabilization by Cell-Penetrating Peptide
Published on: December 19, 2020
The cell-type specificity and endosomal escape of cell-penetrating peptides
1College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China. tangliling@cqu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have become a great potential non-invasive carrier candidate for the delivery of various cell-impermeable therapeutic cargoes such as proteins, polypeptides and nucleic acid. However, the lack of tissue specificity and entrapment in the endocytic vesicles is the primary limitation to the application of these peptides in cargo delivery. Emphasis should be placed on developing novel methods to overcome these barriers. In this review, several current strategies to promote tissue specificity and endosomal escape of CPPs will be described, as well as the comparison of different approaches in efficacy and security. Finally, this review will be attributed to new ideas to improve the tissue specificity and cytosolic availability of CPP-cargoes.
Related Concept Videos
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin
Insertion of Single-pass Transmembrane Proteins in the RER
Integral transmembrane proteins possess transmembrane and extra membrane domains. The transmembrane domains are primarily made of 20-25 hydrophobic amino acids arranged in a helical secondary confirmation. These...
Clathrin Coated Vesicles
ER Retrieval Pathway
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...

