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Hypertonic cryohemolysis: ionophore and pH effects.

C Y Jung, F A Green

    The Journal of Membrane Biology
    |March 10, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Hypertonic cryohemolysis in human red blood cells is pH-dependent and can be inhibited by specific agents. These findings suggest osmotic gradient dissipation is key to preventing hemolysis.

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Membrane Physiology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Human erythrocytes (red blood cells) undergo hemolysis (cell rupture) when exposed to hypertonic solutions and cooled.
    • This phenomenon, known as hypertonic cryohemolysis, is influenced by various factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of pH and specific chemical agents on hypertonic cryohemolysis in human erythrocytes.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of this process.

    Main Methods:

    • Incubating human erythrocytes in hypertonic solutions (electrolytes and nonelectrolytes) at varying pH levels.
    • Assessing hemolysis using spectrophotometric methods.
    • Evaluating the effects of Amphotericin B, valinomycin, SITS, phloretin, and phlorizin on cryohemolysis.

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    Main Results:

    • Hypertonic cryohemolysis was abolished at pH 5 and showed a pH optimum around 6-6.5 in NaCl.
    • Hemolysis increased with pH in hypertonic sucrose solutions.
    • Amphotericin B inhibited cryohemolysis in NaCl/KCl but not in sodium sulfate/sucrose.
    • Valinomycin inhibited cryohemolysis in KCl but not NaCl/sucrose; SITS and phloretin interfered with this effect.

    Conclusions:

    • pH significantly modulates hypertonic cryohemolysis in human erythrocytes.
    • Specific ionophores and inhibitors affect cryohemolysis differently depending on the solute and ion composition.
    • Dissipation of osmotic gradients across the erythrocyte membrane is implicated in the inhibition of hypertonic cryohemolysis.