Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

1.8K
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
1.8K
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

856
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
856
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

2.5K
Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
2.5K
¹H NMR: Pople Notation01:09

¹H NMR: Pople Notation

2.3K
The Pople nomenclature system classifies spin systems based on the difference between their chemical shifts. Coupled spins are denoted by capital letters with subscripts indicating the number of equivalent nuclei. When the coupled nuclei have well-separated chemical shifts, they are assigned letters that are far apart in the alphabet, such as A and X. When the difference in chemical shifts is small, coupled nuclei are named using adjacent letters of the alphabet (AB, MN, or XY).
A proton...
2.3K
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.2K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
1.2K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.2K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantum sensing with triplet pair states: A theoretical study.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

The roadmap towards AI-assisted pulse programming for solid-state NMR.

Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance·2026
Same author

Specificity and reactivity of bromoacrylaldehyde spin labels.

Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)·2025
Same author

Synergy-optimized spin support for reinforced intermediate supply in ultrafast water splitting.

Science bulletin·2025
Same author

Spin-regulated Fe-N-C catalyst enabled by adjusting coordination nitrogen species for robust oxygen reduction.

National science review·2025
Same author

Evaluation of the Impact of Conductive Additives on the EPR Spectra of Hard Carbon Anodes.

Small methods·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
11:19

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Published on: July 4, 2016

9.9K

New developments in spin labels for pulsed dipolar EPR.

Alistair J Fielding1, Maria Grazia Concilio2, Graham Heaven2

  • 1School of Chemistry and the Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. alistair.fielding@manchester.ac.uk.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 25, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spin labelling, a chemical technique, uses unpaired electrons to study biomacromolecules. This method offers advantages over X-ray crystallography for understanding protein structure and dynamics.

More Related Videos

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

2.0K
Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
08:01

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels
11:19

Site Directed Spin Labeling and EPR Spectroscopic Studies of Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channels

Published on: July 4, 2016

9.9K
Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Published on: September 23, 2021

2.0K
Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
08:01

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Spin labelling integrates molecules with unpaired electrons into frameworks for studying biomacromolecules.
  • It offers a non-intrusive alternative to X-ray crystallography, especially when high-quality crystals are unavailable.
  • The technique involves designing binding probes, often nitroxide radicals, to target specific functional groups like cysteine residues in proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in spin labelling techniques for pulse Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR).
  • To highlight the contribution of chemical innovations to the application of spin labelling in biological studies.
  • To illustrate how spin labelling aids in understanding biomacromolecular structure, dynamics, and conformational changes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing pulsed Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) techniques to measure magnetic couplings.
  • Employing spin labels with sterically shielded nitroxide radicals for stability.
  • Designing specific binding probes to attach labels to biomacromolecular targets, such as cysteine residues.

Main Results:

  • Pulsed EPR techniques enable measurement of small magnetic couplings (<50 MHz), providing insights into single label probes.
  • Dipolar coupling between multiple spin labels can be measured, allowing for distance derivations.
  • The application of these techniques has facilitated the study of numerous proteins, enzymes, and nucleotides.

Conclusions:

  • Spin labelling is a powerful chemical approach for investigating biomacromolecular structure and dynamics.
  • Advancements in spin label chemistry and pulse EPR techniques continue to expand the scope of biological studies.
  • This methodology provides crucial data on molecular conformation and interactions, complementing other structural biology techniques.