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Live-3D-Cell Immunocytochemistry Assays of Pediatric Diffuse Midline Glioma

Live-3D-Cell Immunocytochemistry Assays of Pediatric Diffuse Midline Glioma

Published on: November 11, 2021

Glypican 3 expression in pediatric malignant solid tumors.

Yoshiaki Kinoshita¹, Sakura Tanaka¹, Ryota Souzaki¹

¹Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery : Official Journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [Et Al] = Zeitschrift Fur Kinderchirurgie

|October 27, 2014

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Glypican 3 (GPC3) is expressed in pediatric tumors like hepatoblastoma and yolk sac tumors, suggesting its potential for immunotherapy. GPC3 is also physiologically present in infants under one year old.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Biochemistry

Background:

Glypican 3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal protein found on cell surfaces, implicated in adult cancers.
GPC3-targeted immunotherapy is under investigation for adult hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate Glypican 3 (GPC3) expression in pediatric malignant tumors.
To determine the feasibility of GPC3-based immunotherapy for pediatric cancers.

Main Methods:

Immunohistochemical analysis of GPC3 expression in 159 pediatric solid tumors.
Assessment of GPC3 serum levels using sandwich ELISA in 53 subjects.
Examination of GPC3 expression in fetal and neoinfantile autopsy specimens.

Main Results:

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A Protocol for Rapid Post-mortem Cell Culture of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma DIPG

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High GPC3 expression observed in yolk sac tumors (90.9%) and hepatoblastoma (60.0%).
GPC3 positivity also noted in Wilms tumors (30.0%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (25.0%).
Physiological GPC3 expression was prevalent in infants under 7 months; serum GPC3 levels were higher in subjects under 1 year.

Conclusions:

Hepatoblastoma and yolk sac tumors frequently express GPC3, indicating potential therapeutic targets.
GPC3 expression is developmentally regulated, occurring physiologically in early infancy.
Pediatric patients over 1 year old with GPC3-positive tumors may be candidates for GPC3 peptide vaccination immunotherapy.