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Self-recognition in corals facilitates deep-sea habitat engineering.

S J Hennige1, C L Morrison2, A U Form3

  • 1Centre for Marine Biodiversity and Biotechnology, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, Scotland.

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|October 28, 2014
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Cold-water corals like Lophelia pertusa fuse skeletons, creating vital deep-sea habitats. This fusion, enabled by molecular bonding and crystal structure, allows for ecosystem engineering without mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Ecology
  • Geology

Background:

  • Coral reefs engineer complex 3D habitats, supporting rich biodiversity.
  • Tropical reefs use coralline algae for structure; cold-water corals like Lophelia pertusa form reefs via skeletal fusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms and implications of skeletal fusion in Lophelia pertusa.
  • To understand the 'self-recognition' process in cold-water corals and its role in ecosystem engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of skeletal fusion sites in Lophelia pertusa.
  • Examination of crystal structure (aragonite), crystal organization, and molecular bonding at fusion points.
  • Observation of colony interactions and mortality rates.

Main Results:

  • Identified 'flawless' skeletal fusion areas in Lophelia pertusa.
  • Fusion sites characterized by small aragonitic crystals, low crystal organization, and strong molecular bonding.
  • Fusion facilitates ecosystem engineering and reduces energy expenditure, with no observed mortality due to self-recognition.

Conclusions:

  • Species-level self-recognition and skeletal fusion are crucial for Lophelia pertusa.
  • This process enables effective ecosystem engineering in deep-sea environments.
  • Understanding this mechanism is key to appreciating the ecological role of cold-water corals globally.