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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Actin01:26

Introduction to Actin

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Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution.  Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across...
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Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria01:29

Cytoskeletal Proteins in Bacteria

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Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in bacteria led to the change of this opinion. Bacterial cytoskeletal filaments regulate the cell shape, cell polarity, cell division, and partitioning of plasmids during cell division. It was later discovered that bacterial cytoskeletal proteins, mainly actin and tubulin homologs, are diverse compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. On the...
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Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

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Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
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Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria

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Coryneform bacteria are gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile rods that exhibit irregular, club-shaped, or V-shaped arrangements. Their V-shape results from snapping division, where the inner cell wall layer forms the cross-wall, while the outer layer remains intact until it ruptures on one side, causing the daughter cells to bend away.The primary genera are Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter. Corynebacterium includes diverse species, ranging from saprophytes to pathogens like Corynebacterium...
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Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments01:11

Formation of Higher-order Actin Filaments

2.8K
The polymerization of G-actin monomers into filamentous F-actin is a multi-step process. Once the F-actins are formed, they can bundle together in different arrangements to form higher-order networks and regulate cellular functions. Common examples include the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia at the cell's leading edge by actin reorganization in a migrating cell. The microvilli on the brush border epithelial cells are also formed through the F-actin network.
The high-order actin...
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Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

3.0K
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Aip1p Dynamics Are Altered by the R256H Mutation in Actin
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Aip1p Dynamics Are Altered by the R256H Mutation in Actin

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[Advances in actinobacterial proteomics].

Yao Zhang, Ping Xu, Wenjun Li

    Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
    |October 28, 2014
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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Proteomics offers a detailed view of life

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    Area of Science:

    • Proteomics and Actinobacteria research.

    Background:

    • Proteomics systematically clarifies protein roles in life processes.
    • Actinobacteria are vital, producing antibiotics, antitumorals, and enzymes.
    • Genomic studies of Actinobacteria, like Streptomyces coelicolor, enable functional genomics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review Actinobacteria proteomics.
    • To interpret life activities more directly than genomics or transcriptomics.
    • To provide a basis for future Actinobacterial proteomics studies.

    Main Methods:

    • Systematic review of Actinobacteria proteomics.
    • Analysis of complex morphological differentiation.
    • Review of environmental adaptability, nitrogen fixation, metabolism, pathogenicity, and natural product discovery.

    Main Results:

    • Actinobacterial proteomics provides direct insights into life activities.
    • This field is rapidly advancing and gaining scientific attention.
    • Key areas of study include morphology, adaptation, metabolism, and pathogenicity.

    Conclusions:

    • Proteomics is crucial for understanding Actinobacteria.
    • This review consolidates current knowledge on Actinobacteria proteomics.
    • It aims to foster future research and applications in Actinobacteria.