Implementing an open unit policy in a neonatal intensive care unit: nurses' and parents' perceptions

Area of Science:

• Neonatal Intensive Care
• Nursing Practice
• Family-Centered Care

Background:

• Family presence in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is associated with reduced stress, enhanced patient safety, and increased family satisfaction.
• However, parental presence can also increase nursing workload and cause discomfort among nursing staff.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and implement an open unit (OU) policy in a NICU setting.
• To assess the impact of the OU policy on nursing perceptions, workload, and parent satisfaction.

Main Methods:

• An anonymous survey was administered to nurses pre- and post-OU implementation to identify perceived barriers.
• Focus groups were conducted to address nurse concerns and develop solutions.
• Success was measured using pre/post nursing and parent surveys.

Main Results:

• Initial nurse support for OU was low (13% in favor), with primary concerns including HIPAA (71%), social issues (56%), and increased reporting time (45%).
• Post-implementation, nurse support increased significantly (83% in favor), with reduced concerns about HIPAA (17%) and reporting time.
• Parental satisfaction with time spent with their infant increased from 78% to 92%.

Conclusions:

• Despite initial reservations, NICU nurses' acceptance of open unit policies improved with education and a structured implementation process.
• The OU policy led to recognized benefits for families, including increased visiting time and improved parental emotional state.
• The study highlights the positive impact of open unit policies on family-centered care in the NICU.