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Variant prostate carcinoma and elevated serum CA-125.

Mehmet Asim Bilen¹, Adriana Reyes, Deb Bhowmick

¹The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

The Canadian Journal of Urology

|October 28, 2014

Summary

Elevated CA-125 levels in advanced prostate cancer patients indicate unique characteristics and potential response to androgen ablative therapy. Some cases may represent ductal adenocarcinoma, a distinct prostate cancer subtype.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Urology
Cancer Biomarkers

Background:

CA-125 is detected in some nongynecologic tumors.
Elevated serum CA-125 levels have been observed in patients with advanced prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the clinical and pathological features of prostate cancer patients with elevated CA-125.
To explore the characteristics of tumors associated with high CA-125 in prostate cancer.

Main Methods:

Clinical history review of 11 patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and elevated CA-125.
Pathological review and immunohistochemical staining of tumor specimens from 8 patients.

Main Results:

Patients responded to androgen ablative therapy (median 27 months).
Predisposition to urinary symptoms and visceral metastases observed.
Tumor histology compatible with ductal or endometrioid adenocarcinoma in 3 of 7 cases.

Conclusions:

Prostate cancer patients with elevated CA-125 exhibit distinct clinical and pathological profiles.
A subset of these patients may have ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Further research is needed to understand the biology of prostate cancer subtypes.