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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Mass cytometry: a highly multiplexed single-cell technology for advancing drug development.

Kondala R Atkuri¹, Jeffrey C Stevens², Hendrik Neubert²

¹Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics and Metabolism, New Biological Entities, Pfizer, Andover, Massachusetts kondala.atkuri@pfizer.com.

Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the Biological Fate of Chemicals

|October 29, 2014

Summary

Mass cytometry, or CyTOF, advances single-cell analysis by enabling up to 40 multiplexed measurements. This technology is crucial for drug development, offering deep cellular profiling and insights into drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

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Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Published on: April 29, 2017

Integrated Cell Manipulation Platform Coupled with the Single-probe for Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites in Single Suspension Cells

Integrated Cell Manipulation Platform Coupled with the Single-probe for Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Drugs and Metabolites in Single Suspension Cells

Published on: June 21, 2019

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

Advanced single-cell analysis is vital for drug discovery and approval.
Traditional flow cytometry has limitations in measuring multiple parameters due to signal overlap.
Mass cytometry (CyTOF) overcomes these limitations by using metal isotopes for antibody tagging.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of mass cytometry and compare it with traditional flow cytometry.
To discuss the applications of CyTOF technology in the pharmaceutical industry.
To highlight the impact of mass cytometry on the drug development lifecycle.

Main Methods:

Mass cytometry combines principles of flow cytometry with mass spectrometry.
Antibodies are labeled with stable isotopes of rare earth metals.
Minimal signal compensation allows for multiplexing up to 40 parameters per cell.

Main Results:

Mass cytometry enables deep, multiparametric single-cell analysis.
Applications include immune cell profiling, drug immunogenicity assessment, and signaling network mapping.
CyTOF facilitates cell surface receptor quantification and multiplexed internalization kinetics.

Conclusions:

Mass cytometry significantly enhances single-cell analysis capabilities.
Its applications in the pharmaceutical industry are diverse, impacting drug discovery and development.
CyTOF is expected to play a key role in understanding drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.