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Cerebral collaterals and collateral therapeutics for acute ischemic stroke
1Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994)
|October 30, 2014
Summary
Cerebral collaterals enhance blood flow to ischemic brain tissue, potentially preventing cell death after stroke. Therapies targeting these vascular pathways show promise for acute ischemic stroke treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Vascular Biology
- Cerebrovascular Disease
Background:
- Cerebral collaterals are crucial vascular networks that maintain blood flow to the brain during arterial occlusion.
- Leptomeningeal collaterals, formed by anastomoses between the MCA, ACA, and PCA, are vital for perfusing the ischemic penumbra.
- Individual variation in collateral extent significantly impacts stroke severity and outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of cerebral collaterals in mitigating ischemic brain damage.
- To review current and emerging collateral therapeutic strategies for acute ischemic stroke.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on cerebral collateral function and stroke pathophysiology.
- Analysis of experimental therapeutic approaches aimed at enhancing collateral blood flow.
Main Results:
- Cerebral collaterals significantly influence the extent of ischemic damage and the potential for recanalization.
- Experimental therapies like inhaled nitric oxide and ganglion stimulation demonstrate potential for enhancing collateral flow.
Conclusions:
- Cerebral collaterals represent a critical neuroprotective mechanism in ischemic stroke.
- Targeting collateral circulation offers a promising avenue for novel acute ischemic stroke treatments.
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