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Published on: January 19, 2019
Cellular and molecular immunology of lung cancer: therapeutic implications
Austin Huy Nguyen1, Ilya G Berim, Devendra K Agrawal
1Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, CRISS II Room 510, 2500 California Plaza Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
Abstract:
Although the incidence of lung cancer is declining, the prognosis remains poor. This is likely due to lack of early detection and only recent developments in selective cancer therapies. Key immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of lung cancer include CD4(+) T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and NK cells. The growing understanding of these cells indicates a highly complex and intertwined network of their involvement in each stage of lung cancer. Immune cell types and numbers affect prognosis and could offer an opportunity for clinical therapeutic applications. However, an incomplete understanding of immune cell involvement and the underlying processes in lung cancer still remain. Deeper investigation focusing on the role of the immune cells will further the understanding of lung carcinogenesis and develop novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment and management of patients with more specialized and selective lung cancer.
Insights
Despite declining lung cancer incidence, poor prognosis persists due to late detection. Understanding key immune cells like CD4(+) T lymphocytes and macrophages is crucial for developing targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Lung cancer prognosis remains poor, often linked to delayed diagnosis and limited targeted treatments.
- Immune cells, including CD4(+) T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and NK cells, play a complex role in lung cancer development.
- Current understanding of immune cell involvement in lung carcinogenesis is incomplete.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the intricate roles of various immune cells in lung cancer pathogenesis.
- To highlight the potential of immune cell profiles in predicting patient prognosis.
- To identify opportunities for novel, selective immunotherapeutic strategies in lung cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review and synthesis of current literature on immune cell involvement in lung cancer.
- Analysis of the relationship between immune cell types/numbers and patient outcomes.
- Identification of knowledge gaps in immune cell functions during lung carcinogenesis.
Main Results:
- Specific immune cell populations (CD4(+) T lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells) are integral to lung cancer progression.
- Immune cell composition significantly impacts patient prognosis.
- Therapeutic targeting of these immune cells presents a promising avenue for clinical application.
Conclusions:
- A deeper understanding of immune cell dynamics in lung cancer is essential for advancing treatment strategies.
- Further research into immune cell roles can lead to more specialized and effective lung cancer therapies.
- Targeting the tumor microenvironment's immune components offers potential for improved patient management and survival.
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