Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Frictional Force01:07

Frictional Force

7.9K
When a body is in motion, it encounters resistance because the body interacts with its surroundings. This resistance is known as friction, a common yet complex force whose behavior is still not completely understood. Friction opposes relative motion between systems in contact, but also allows us to move. Friction arises in part due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. For one object to move along a surface, it must rise to where the peaks of the surface can skip along the bottom of the...
7.9K
Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

3.2K
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
3.2K
Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

728
In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
728
Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

42.5K
Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
42.5K
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

19.0K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
19.0K
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

100
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
100

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Thermodynamic Variational Principle Unifying Gravity and Heat Flow.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Phase coexistence in a weakly stochastic reaction-diffusion system.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Heat-Induced Liquid Hovering in Liquid-Gas Coexistence under Gravity.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Microscopic Cutoff Dependence of an Entropic Force in Interface Propagation of Stochastic Order Parameter Dynamics.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Thermodynamic Bounds on Correlation Times.

Physical review letters·2023
Same author

Control of Metastable States by Heat Flux in the Hamiltonian Potts Model.

Physical review letters·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Conducting Elevated Temperature Normal and Combined Pressure-Shear Plate Impact Experiments Via a Breech-end Sabot Heater System
10:52

Conducting Elevated Temperature Normal and Combined Pressure-Shear Plate Impact Experiments Via a Breech-end Sabot Heater System

Published on: August 7, 2018

7.9K

Macroscopically measurable force induced by temperature discontinuities at solid-gas interfaces.

Masato Itami1, Shin-Ichi Sasa1

  • 1Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|October 30, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Temperature differences on a solid surface separating two gas regions generate a measurable force. This study quantifies this novel force, demonstrating its potential for macroscopic observation in dilute gas systems.

More Related Videos

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

6.4K
The Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance Technique for Thermal Property Measurements
09:10

The Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance Technique for Thermal Property Measurements

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Conducting Elevated Temperature Normal and Combined Pressure-Shear Plate Impact Experiments Via a Breech-end Sabot Heater System
10:52

Conducting Elevated Temperature Normal and Combined Pressure-Shear Plate Impact Experiments Via a Breech-end Sabot Heater System

Published on: August 7, 2018

7.9K
Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

6.4K
The Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance Technique for Thermal Property Measurements
09:10

The Frequency Domain Thermoreflectance Technique for Thermal Property Measurements

Published on: December 5, 2025

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Investigates the interaction between gases and solids.
  • Explores phenomena in systems with differing gas temperatures and pressures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and quantify the force generated by temperature gradients on a solid surface separating two gas regions.
  • To explore the macroscopic implications of gas-solid interactions under specific conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a freely movable solid separating two regions of dilute gas.
  • Assumption of constant gas pressure and temperature before collision with the solid.
  • Quantitative estimation of the generated force.

Main Results:

  • Temperature gaps on the solid surface generate a force.
  • The calculated force is significant enough for macroscopic measurement.
  • The phenomenon is observed in a system with initially uniform pressure but differing temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature differentials across a solid interface in contact with dilute gases can induce a measurable force.
  • This force generation mechanism has potential implications for micro/nanoscale devices and fundamental physics.
  • The study provides a quantitative framework for understanding this temperature-gradient-induced force.