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Kidney stones are common after bariatric surgery.
John C Lieske1, Ramila A Mehta2, Dawn S Milliner3
11] Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA [2] Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Kidney International
|October 30, 2014
Summary
Bariatric surgery, while effective for obesity, increases the risk of kidney stones and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Malabsorptive procedures pose a higher risk for both conditions compared to restrictive ones.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Bariatric Surgery
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Obesity is a significant risk factor for kidney stones and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for obesity, but its impact on kidney stone and CKD risk is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between bariatric surgery and the incidence of kidney stones and CKD.
- To compare the risks associated with different types of bariatric procedures.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study of 762 Olmsted County residents who underwent bariatric surgery, matched with obese controls without surgery.
- Follow-up over 6.0 years to assess new stone formation and CKD incidence.
- Analysis of different bariatric procedures: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), malabsorptive, and restrictive.
Main Results:
- New kidney stone formation significantly increased in surgery patients (11.0%) versus controls (4.3%).
- Malabsorptive and standard RYGB procedures were associated with significantly increased hazard ratios for incident stones (4.15 and 2.13, respectively).
- Malabsorptive procedures also significantly increased the risk of CKD (adjusted hazard ratio of 1.96).
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery, particularly RYGB and malabsorptive procedures, is linked to an increased risk of kidney stones.
- Malabsorptive bariatric procedures are also associated with a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease.
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