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Summary
Chlamydia trachomatis caused rectal lesions in three homosexual men, mimicking cancer. Doxycycline treatment led to remission in most cases, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for this rectal infection.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Gastroenterology
- Proctology
Background:
- Rectal infections can present with symptoms mimicking colorectal cancer.
- Chlamydia trachomatis is a common sexually transmitted infection that can affect the rectum.
Observation:
- Three homosexual males presented with rectal lesions characterized by nodularity, ulceration, and stenotic tendencies.
- Macroscopic examination of the lesions made differentiation from neoplasms challenging.
- Biopsies revealed chronic unspecific proctitis, necessitating further etiological investigation.
Findings:
- Chlamydia trachomatis was confirmed as the causative agent in all three patients via rectal smear analysis.
- Two patients were co-infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
- All patients tested positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and one was co-infected with HIV.
Implications:
- This case series underscores the importance of considering Chlamydia trachomatis in the differential diagnosis of rectal lesions, especially in men who have sex with men.
- Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment, such as doxycycline, can lead to favorable outcomes.
- Co-infections with other sexually transmitted infections and underlying viral hepatitis or HIV require comprehensive management.