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DNA microarray for detection of gastrointestinal viruses.

Miguel A Martínez1, María de Los Dolores Soto-Del Río1, Rosa María Gutiérrez2

  • 1Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.

Journal of Clinical Microbiology
|October 31, 2014
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Summary

A new DNA microarray effectively detects multiple viruses causing gastroenteritis in children. This tool aids in understanding viral causes of vomiting and diarrhea, with high detection rates for Rotavirus and Astrovirus.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastroenteritis is a common illness caused by various viral pathogens.
  • Developing new molecular tools is crucial for identifying a wider range of viruses in clinical samples.
  • Understanding the viral etiology of gastroenteritis is essential for both human and animal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a DNA microarray for the parallel detection of over 100 viral species associated with gastroenteritis.
  • To establish the detection limits and assess the specificity and sensitivity of the microarray.
  • To evaluate the microarray's performance in identifying viral infections in clinical samples from children with gastroenteritis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a DNA microarray designed for high-throughput viral detection.
  • Validation using 10 different virus species and 5 additional species in clinical samples.
  • Determination of detection limits for Human adenovirus C (HAdV), Human astrovirus (HAstV), and group A Rotavirus (RV-A).
  • Comparison of microarray results with reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).

Main Results:

  • The microarray detected at least one viral species in 92% of 76 clinical samples from children with gastroenteritis.
  • Rotavirus A (58%) and Anellovirus (15.8%) were the most frequently detected viruses.
  • The microarray demonstrated good performance for RV-A, HAstV, and calicivirus, but showed lower sensitivity for HAdV and Human enterovirus (HEV).
  • Discrepancies in mixed infection detection were noted, influenced by the abundance of viral genetic material.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DNA microarray is a valuable tool for diagnosing viral gastroenteritis, particularly in identifying Rotavirus and Astrovirus.
  • The microarray facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the viral agents responsible for gastroenteritis in pediatric populations.
  • Further optimization is needed to improve sensitivity for certain viruses like HAdV and HEV and to refine mixed infection detection.