Fusobacterium necrophorum, an emerging pathogen of otogenic and paranasal infections?

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Fusobacterium necrophorum is an uncommon pathogen in otitis and sinusitis.
• It is more frequently associated with Lemierre's syndrome, a severe post-anginal sepsis.
• Complicated infections from F. necrophorum originating in the head and neck warrant attention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report recent cases of complicated F. necrophorum infections originating from otitis or sinusitis.
• To discuss the diagnosis and management of these rare infections.
• To propose potential factors contributing to the emergence of F. necrophorum.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective case series of five patients diagnosed with complicated F. necrophorum infections.
• Review of clinical data, diagnostic findings, and treatment outcomes.
• Literature review on F. necrophorum infections and Lemierre's syndrome.

Main Results:

• Five patients presented with complicated F. necrophorum infections secondary to otitis or sinusitis.
• Outcomes varied: two patients recovered fully, one died, one had hemiparesis, and one experienced hearing loss.
• The study discusses diagnostic challenges and therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

• Fusobacterium necrophorum can cause severe, complicated infections beyond Lemierre's syndrome, originating from otitis and sinusitis.
• Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
• Further research is needed to understand the emergence of F. necrophorum infections.