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Comparative evaluation of piperacillin in vitro.

G M Dickinson, T J Cleary, T A Hoffman

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

|December 1, 1978

Summary

Piperacillin shows broad-spectrum activity against many bacteria, outperforming ampicillin and other beta-lactams against specific Gram-negative bacilli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, it is less effective against certain resistant strains and Klebsiella pneumoniae compared to cephalosporins.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Pharmacology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Beta-lactam antibiotics are crucial in treating bacterial infections.
Understanding the comparative efficacy of different beta-lactams is essential for effective antimicrobial stewardship.
Piperacillin is a semi-synthetic penicillin with a broad spectrum of activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of piperacillin and seven other beta-lactam antibiotics.
To compare the in vitro activity of piperacillin against various bacterial isolates.

Main Methods:

Determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs).
Testing against 407 bacterial isolates.
Comparative analysis of piperacillin versus ampicillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, and cephalosporins.

Main Results:

Piperacillin demonstrated greater activity than ampicillin against susceptible Gram-negative bacilli.
Piperacillin was more active than carbenicillin and ticarcillin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and streptococci.
Activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae was observed but was lower than that of cephalosporins.
Piperacillin showed no activity against penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Conclusions:

Piperacillin exhibits significant in vitro activity against a range of bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Its efficacy varies depending on the bacterial species and resistance patterns, with limitations against certain resistant strains and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Comparative data supports the judicious use of piperacillin in clinical settings.

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