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Taste and olfaction in middle ear surgery.

Andrea Ciofalo1, Giampietro Zambetti1, Martina Romeo1

  • 1Organi di Senso Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|November 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Middle ear surgery can temporarily impair taste function, particularly after stapedotomy. Taste ability typically improves over time, with recovery timelines varying by surgical procedure and underlying condition.

Keywords:
chronic otitis mediaolfactionotosclerosistaste

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Sensory science

Background:

  • Middle ear surgery, including procedures for otosclerosis and chronic otitis media, carries potential risks to sensory functions.
  • The chorda tympani nerve, crucial for taste sensation, is anatomically close to the surgical field in the middle ear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of middle ear surgery on taste perception.
  • To compare taste function changes between patients undergoing stapedotomy versus tympanoplasty.
  • To assess olfactory function to exclude nasal pathology as a cause of taste deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Pre- and postoperative taste and olfactory testing were performed on patients undergoing middle ear surgery.
  • Evaluations occurred at baseline (T0) and at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (T1, T6, T12).
  • Standard ENT examinations, otomicroscopy, nasal endoscopy, and rhinomanometry were utilized.

Main Results:

  • A transient worsening of taste thresholds was observed postoperatively in both patient groups.
  • Stapedotomy patients exhibited more pronounced taste deficits compared to tympanoplasty patients.
  • Olfactory function remained normal in otosclerosis patients; chronic otitis media patients showed variable olfactory results.

Conclusions:

  • Middle ear surgery can temporarily compromise chorda tympani nerve function, affecting taste.
  • Taste deficits are more significant following stapedotomy than tympanoplasty.
  • Satisfactory taste recovery is generally achieved, though recovery rates differ between surgical types.