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Properties and clinical relevance of MTA1 protein in human cancer

Yasushi Toh1, Garth L Nicolson

  • 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan, ytoh@nk-cc.go.jp.

Cancer Metastasis Reviews
|November 1, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) is overexpressed in many cancers and correlates with malignancy. This suggests MTA1 and its related proteins are potential molecular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Gene Expression

Background:

  • A novel complementary DNA (cDNA), metastasis-associated gene 1 (mta1), was identified in highly metastatic rat cells in 1994.
  • The human counterpart, MTA1, was subsequently cloned and sequenced.
  • MTA1 is part of the MTA gene family, encoding transcriptional co-regulators involved in histone deacetylation and nucleosome remodeling within nuclear histone remodeling complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of MTA1 in cancer progression.
  • To explore MTA1 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Gene cloning and sequencing of rat mta1 and human MTA1.
  • Analysis of gene expression levels in metastatic versus non-metastatic cell lines.
  • Review of existing literature on MTA1 expression in human cancers.

Main Results:

  • MTA1 is significantly overexpressed in various human cancers and cancer cell lines compared to normal tissues.
  • MTA1 expression levels correlate positively with the malignant properties of cancers.
  • The MTA gene family products function as transcriptional co-regulators in chromatin remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • MTA1 is frequently overexpressed in human cancers and associated with malignancy.
  • MTA1 and other MTA proteins represent a promising new class of molecular targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

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