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Predicting cancer risks from dental computed tomography.

T-H Wu1, W-C Lin2, W-K Chen3

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|November 1, 2014
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dental computed tomography (CT) scans pose a cancer risk, particularly for younger women undergoing mandible scans. Radiation dose from dental CT varies by scan position, sex, and age, with mandible scans showing higher lifetime-attributable risk.

Keywords:
dental implantseffective doselifetime-attributable riskmandiblemaxillathyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Physics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Dental computed tomography (CT) is widely used for dental implants.
  • Limited data exists on the cancer risks associated with dental CT radiation exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the lifetime-attributable risk (LAR) of cancer from dental CT radiation.
  • To analyze how scan position, sex, and age influence this cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 505 participants who underwent dental CT scans.
  • Analysis of effective radiation doses for maxilla and mandible scans in males and females.
  • Calculation of lifetime-attributable risk (LAR) based on age, sex, and scan location.

Main Results:

  • Mandible scans had higher mean effective doses (475 µSv for males, 450 µSv for females) than maxilla scans (408 µSv for males, 389 µSv for females).
  • The LAR varied significantly, with a 30-year-old woman facing a higher risk (1 in 16,196) from mandible scans than a 70-year-old man (1 in 114,680).
  • Thyroid, other cancers, leukemia, and lung cancer accounted for 99% of the LAR. Younger women (<45 years) undergoing mandible scans had the highest risk, particularly for thyroid cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Dental CT radiation dose and associated cancer risk are not uniform; they depend on scan position, patient sex, and age.
  • Mandible scans pose a greater cancer risk than maxilla scans.
  • Younger women (<45 years) are at the highest risk for radiation-induced cancer from dental CT, especially for thyroid cancer. Findings should be interpreted within study limitations.