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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Dental Pulp Research with Improved Mouse Models

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LPS induces pulp progenitor cell recruitment via complement activation.

F Chmilewsky¹, C Jeanneau¹, P Laurent²

¹Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM UMR 7287, Marseille, France.

Journal of Dental Research

|November 1, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Gram-negative bacteria activate the complement system in dental pulp fibroblasts, releasing C5a fragments. This C5a fragment recruits progenitor pulp cells, crucial for dentin-pulp regeneration.

Keywords:

caries chemotaxis complement C5a pulp biology regeneration stem cell(s)

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Published on: August 10, 2018

Area of Science:

Immunology
Regenerative Medicine
Dental Research

Background:

The complement system, a key part of innate immunity, mediates dentin-pulp regeneration via STRO-1 pulp cell recruitment.
Pulp fibroblasts can activate the complement system when stimulated by Gram-positive bacteria components like lipoteichoic acid.
Gram-negative bacteria, implicated in tooth decay, are potent activators of the complement system and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Gram-negative bacteria-induced complement activation in pulp progenitor cell recruitment.
To explore the mechanism of pulp progenitor cell migration in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Main Methods:

Pulp fibroblasts were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Membrane attack complex formation and C5a release were measured.
Transwell migration assays were used to assess progenitor cell migration.
A C5a receptor (C5aR) antagonist (W54011) was used to inhibit migration.

Main Results:

LPS stimulation induced membrane attack complex formation and C5a release in fibroblasts.
Produced C5a bound to progenitor cells, inducing migration towards the LPS.
Inhibition of C5a-C5aR interaction blocked progenitor cell migration.
Demonstrated a direct link between LPS-induced complement activation and progenitor cell recruitment.

Conclusions:

Pulp fibroblasts stimulated with LPS activate the complement system.
This activation leads to C5a release, which recruits progenitor pulp cells.
The C5a-C5aR pathway is essential for LPS-induced pulp progenitor cell migration, highlighting a novel mechanism in dental pulp regeneration.