Targeting B cells in atherosclerosis: closing the gap from bench to bedside

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Cardiovascular Research
• Atherosclerosis Pathogenesis

Background:

• Atherosclerotic plaque development is modulated by immune cells, particularly B lymphocytes.
• B cells are broadly classified into atheroprotective B1 cells and potentially proatherogenic B2 cells.
• Autoimmune diseases treated with B cell depletion share links with premature atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of distinct B cell subsets in experimental atherosclerosis.
• To elucidate the mechanisms by which B cells influence atherosclerotic disease progression.
• To explore therapeutic strategies targeting B cells for human atherosclerosis treatment.

Main Methods:

• Review of experimental models of atherosclerosis.
• Analysis of B cell subset functions and antibody production.
• Discussion of therapeutic implications of B cell modulation.

Main Results:

• B1 cells are atheroprotective, producing natural IgM antibodies against oxidized LDL and apoptotic cells.
• B2 cells, including follicular and marginal zone B cells, are implicated in promoting atherosclerosis.
• B cell depletion is an established therapy for autoimmune conditions associated with atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

• B cells represent a promising therapeutic target for modulating atherosclerosis.
• Understanding B cell subset functions is crucial for developing novel atherosclerosis treatments.
• Targeting specific B cell populations may offer a new avenue for managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.