Müllerian adenosarcoma arising from rectal endometriosis

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Surgical Pathology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Müllerian adenosarcoma is a rare tumor with malignant stroma and benign glands, typically found in the uterus.
• Extrauterine Müllerian adenosarcomas are uncommon and often arise from endometriosis.
• Ectopic endometrial tissue can be found in various pelvic locations, including the rectum.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report an extremely rare case of Müllerian adenosarcoma arising from rectal endometriosis.
• To emphasize the importance of considering adenosarcoma in the differential diagnosis of rectal masses, especially in the presence of endometriosis.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 36-year-old female presenting with a rectal mass.
• Diagnostic procedures included imaging studies and laparoscopic low anterior resection.
• Histopathological examination confirmed Müllerian adenosarcoma arising from rectal endometriosis.

Main Results:

• A rectal mass was identified in a 36-year-old female.
• Initial intraoperative pathology suggested an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.
• Final diagnosis was Müllerian adenosarcoma originating from rectal endometriosis, a highly unusual occurrence.

Conclusions:

• Müllerian adenosarcoma can arise from ectopic endometrial tissue in the rectal wall.
• This diagnosis should be considered in the differential of pelvic masses, even when located in the rectum.
• The presence of rectal endometriosis is a key factor in the development of such rare tumors.