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    This study demonstrates dual-frequency oscillation in a vertical external cavity surface emitting laser, achieving over 100 mW optical power. Reduced nonlinear coupling enables simultaneous oscillation of two polarizations at different frequencies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics

    Background:

    • Vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers (VECSELs) are crucial for various photonic applications.
    • Achieving stable dual-frequency oscillation in VECSELs is challenging due to nonlinear coupling between modes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report class-A dual-frequency oscillation at 1.55 μm in a VECSEL.
    • To investigate the impact of reduced nonlinear coupling on simultaneous dual-frequency operation.
    • To analyze the spectral characteristics and phase noise of the radio frequency beatnote.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a vertical external cavity surface emitting laser (VECSEL) architecture.
    • Implemented spatial separation of orthogonal linear polarizations within the active medium to reduce nonlinear coupling below unity.
    • Optically mixed the two coexisting polarization modes to generate a radio frequency (RF) beatnote.
    • Analyzed the spectral behavior and phase noise of the RF beatnote under varying coupling strengths.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved simultaneous dual-frequency oscillation with orthogonal linear polarizations at 1.55 μm.
    • Demonstrated stable operation with over 100 mW of optical power.
    • Observed distinct spectral behaviors and phase noise characteristics of the RF beatnote influenced by coupling strengths.

    Conclusions:

    • Spatial separation effectively reduces nonlinear coupling, enabling stable dual-frequency oscillation in VECSELs.
    • The study provides insights into the control and characterization of dual-frequency VECSELs.
    • This work contributes to the development of VECSELs for applications requiring multiple optical frequencies.