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Herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D mediates interference with herpes simplex virus infection
1Department of Molecular, Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637.
Journal of Virology
|February 1, 1989
Summary
Expressing herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (gD-1) in cells confers resistance to HSV infection. This resistance depends on gD-1 levels and virus dosage, impacting viral entry.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is a significant public health concern.
- Understanding viral entry mechanisms is crucial for developing antiviral strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (gD-1) in cellular resistance to HSV infection.
- To determine if gD-1 expression can confer resistance to HSV entry.
Main Methods:
- Genetically engineered mouse (LMtk-) and human (HEp-2) cell lines to express gD-1 under the human metallothionein promoter.
- Induced gD-1 expression using heavy metal ions.
- Assessed viral binding, entry, and cytopathic effects using radiolabeled HSV and challenge virus infections.
Main Results:
- Cells expressing gD-1 showed resistance to HSV infection, with no cytopathic effects observed.
- Viral binding was unaffected, but viral entry was blocked in gD-1-expressing cells.
- Resistance was dependent on gD-1 expression levels, virus dosage, HSV serotype, and cell type.
Conclusions:
- Expression of HSV-1 gD-1 can confer significant resistance to HSV infection by inhibiting viral entry.
- gD-1's interference activity is linked to its role in virion infectivity and potential role in viral egress.