Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 21, 2026
Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
Published on: September 26, 2018
Hypovolaemia was associated with clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors in general population
Xianglei Kong, Xiaojing Ma, Jing Yao
1Department of Nephrology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No,16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan 250014, PR China. qianyixdmgmail@163.com.
Insights
Hypovolaemia, or low body fluid volume, is linked to multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors clustering. This finding highlights the critical role of lifestyle in CVD development.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Physiology
Background:
- Clustering of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is common and linked to unhealthy lifestyles.
- The association between body fluid volume status and CVD risk factor clustering in the general population is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between volume load, specifically hypovolaemia, and the clustering of major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a general adult population.
Main Methods:
- Utilized bioelectrical impedance analysis to assess volume load, defining hypovolaemia as extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) at or below the 10th percentile.
- Defined CVD risk factor clustering as the presence of two or more factors: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and overweight.
- Analyzed data from 7900 adults, comparing hypovolaemia prevalence and ECW/TBW quartiles across groups with none, single, or clustered CVD risk factors.
Main Results:
- 40.8% of the 7900 participants exhibited clustering of CVD risk factors.
- Hypovolaemia was significantly more prevalent in the clustered risk factor group (23.7%) compared to the single (17.0%) or no risk factor (10.0%) groups (P <0.001).
- After adjusting for confounders, hypovolaemia remained significantly associated with CVD risk factor clustering (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.45-1.90).
Conclusions:
- Hypovolaemia is significantly associated with the clustering of major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.
- These findings underscore the importance of maintaining adequate body fluid volume and healthy lifestyles in preventing CVD.
Background:
Previous studies indicated that the clustering of major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is common, and multiple unhealthy lifestyles are responsible for the clustering of CVD risk factors. However, little is known about the direct association between the volume load and the clustering of CVD risk factors in general population.
Methods:
We investigated the association of the clustering of CVD risk factors (defined as two or more of the following factors: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and overweight) with volume load, which was evaluated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Hypovolaemia was defined as extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) at and under the 10th percentile for the normal population.
Results:
Among the 7900 adults, only 29.3% were free of any pre-defined CVD risk factors and 40.8% had clustering of CVD risk factors. Hypovolaemia in clustering group was statistically higher than that either in the single or in the none risk factor group, which was 23.7% vs. 17.0% and 10.0%, respectively (P <0.001). As a categorical outcome, the percentage of the lowest quartiles of ECW/TBW and TBW/TBWwatson in clustering group were statistically higher than either those in the single or in the none risk factor group, which were 44.9% vs. 36.9% and 25.1% (P <0.001), 36.2% vs. 32.2% and 25.0%, respectively (P <0.001). After adjusting of potential confounders, hypovolaemia was significantly associated with clustering of CVD risk factors, with an OR of 1.66 (95% CI, 1.45-1.90).
Conclusions:
Hypovolaemia was associated with clustering of major CVD risk factors, which further confirms the importance of lifestyle for the development of CVD.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
01:26Imbalances in Cardiac Output
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
01:29Hypertension II: Pathophysiology
01:24Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
01:18Cardiovascular Drugs: Classification based on Therapeutic Indications