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Association of vascular factors and amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a comprehensive approach

Ignacio Casado Naranjo1, Juan Carlos Portilla Cuenca1, Beatriz Duque de San Juan1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|November 2, 2014
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Vascular risk factors like hypertension and atrial fibrillation are linked to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Higher body mass index may protect against aMCI development.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Vascular risk factors (VRF) are known contributors to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • The impact of emerging VRFs on MCI is less understood.
  • This study comprehensively assessed classic VRFs, atherosclerosis markers, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in relation to MCI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between MCI and classic VRFs.
  • To evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis markers and WMH in MCI patients.
  • To investigate the role of emerging VRFs in MCI.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study comparing MCI patients and cognitively normal controls.
  • Participants underwent clinical, neuropsychological, laboratory, carotid duplex, and brain MRI assessments.
  • Included 105 amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients and 76 controls.

Main Results:

  • aMCI patients were older with higher rates of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and depression.
  • Increased intima-media thickness and WMH load (periventricular and subcortical) were observed in aMCI.
  • Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, depression, intima-media thickness, and periventricular WMH were significantly associated with aMCI after adjustment.
  • Higher body mass index showed a protective effect.

Conclusions:

  • Age, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, depression, intima-media thickness, and periventricular WMH are associated with amnestic MCI.
  • Body mass index may offer a protective effect against amnestic MCI.
Keywords:
Atherosclerosiscarotid intima-media thicknessmild cognitive impairmentvascular risk factorswhite matter hyperintensities

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