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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

2.1K
An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
1.1K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

862
AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

1.5K
The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
1.5K
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

1.8K
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
1.8K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

1.3K
For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
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Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
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In operando observation system for electrochemical reaction by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy with potential

Masanari Nagasaka1, Hayato Yuzawa1, Toshio Horigome1

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The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed an in operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) system to study electrochemical reactions. This method enables real-time analysis of electrolyte structures at high scan rates, crucial for cyclic voltammetry (CV).

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Understanding electrolyte behavior during electrochemical reactions is vital for optimizing energy storage and conversion devices.
  • Traditional methods often struggle to capture dynamic structural changes at the high scan rates typical of cyclic voltammetry (CV).
  • In operando techniques are needed to observe electrochemical processes in real-time under realistic operating conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel in operando observation system for electrochemical reactions.
  • To investigate the local structures of electrolytes at scan rates comparable to cyclic voltammetry (CV).
  • To enable simultaneous measurement of soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and electrochemical potential modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an in operando soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) system.
  • Utilized a potential modulation method synchronized with XAS measurements.
  • Employed a transmission-type liquid flow cell with integrated electrodes for electrolyte analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully measured Fe L-edge XAS spectra of aqueous iron sulfate solutions.
  • Demonstrated the ability to track changes in Fe ion valence at different applied potentials.
  • Achieved XAS measurements at a scan rate of 100 mV/s, matching typical CV conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system allows for in operando XAS analysis of electrochemical reactions at high scan rates.
  • The Fe redox processes in aqueous iron sulfate solutions were elucidated by correlating XAS data with potential changes.
  • This technique provides valuable insights into electrolyte dynamics and reaction mechanisms relevant to electrochemistry.