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Measuring Delay Discounting in Humans Using an Adjusting Amount Task
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Associations between Antisocial Personality Disorder and Sex on Discounting Rates.

Leonardo F Andrade1, Levi Riven2, Nancy M Petry3

  • 1Psychology Department, Westfield State University, 577 Western Avenue, Westfield, MA 01086.

The Psychological Record
|November 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) and sex significantly impact probability discounting in pathological gamblers. Females with ASPD show heightened impulsivity towards probabilistic rewards, suggesting tailored interventions are needed.

Keywords:
Probability discountingantisocial personality disorderdelay discountinggamblingsex

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Economics
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Individuals with substance use and gambling problems exhibit altered discounting of delayed and probabilistic outcomes.
  • Limited research exists on the link between discounting and antisocial personality disorders (ASPD).
  • Sex differences in ASPD may influence decision-making, particularly in pathological gamblers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the effects of ASPD and sex on probability and delay discounting in pathological gamblers.
  • To investigate potential sex-based differences in decision-making among gamblers with ASPD.

Main Methods:

  • Pathological gamblers were assessed for ASPD and sex.
  • Probability and delay discounting rates were measured.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of ASPD and sex on discounting.

Main Results:

  • ASPD significantly affected probability discounting rates.
  • A significant interaction between ASPD and sex was observed for probability discounting.
  • No significant effects of ASPD or sex on delay discounting were found.
  • Females with ASPD demonstrated a strong preference for probabilistic outcomes, indicating higher impulsivity.

Conclusions:

  • ASPD and sex interact to influence probability discounting in pathological gamblers.
  • Decision-making regarding probabilistic rewards differs between sexes in gamblers with ASPD.
  • Understanding these sex differences is crucial for developing effective, sex-specific prevention and treatment strategies for ASPD and gambling disorders.