Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

29.6K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
29.6K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

6.6K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
6.6K
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

5.4K
GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
5.4K
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

3.7K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
3.7K
Repressible Operon: trp Operon01:21

Repressible Operon: trp Operon

2.6K
The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
2.6K
Channel Rhodopsins01:11

Channel Rhodopsins

2.5K
Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Peripheral mechanisms of tactile sensation in fish.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same author

Seeking the limits of osmoregulation: Thirst and fluid ionic balance research in non-model vertebrates.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same author

The sensory biology of mosquito gustation.

Current opinion in neurobiology·2026
Same author

Velocity sensitivity of mechanotransduction in the afferent terminal underlies vibration detection in the Pacinian corpuscle.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Frequency-modulated timer regulates torpor-arousal cycles during hibernation in distinct small mammalian hibernators.

Npj biological timing and sleep·2026
Same author

Functional evidence for early origin of tactile acuity in the vertebrate somatosensory system.

Current biology : CB·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 21, 2026

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
08:35

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2015

14.8K

TRPA1 channels: chemical and temperature sensitivity.

Willem J Laursen1, Sviatoslav N Bagriantsev2, Elena O Gracheva1

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Current Topics in Membranes
|November 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are crucial for sensing stimuli like temperature and chemicals. This review explores recent advances in understanding TRPA1

Keywords:
Chemical sensorsCovalent and noncovalent modificationsIon channelsMolecular evolutionTRPA1Temperature activation

More Related Videos

Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
12:09

Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.8K
Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
10:00

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 21, 2026

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
08:35

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice

Published on: March 17, 2015

14.8K
Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4
12:09

Yeast Luminometric and Xenopus Oocyte Electrophysiological Examinations of the Molecular Mechanosensitivity of TRPV4

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.8K
Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection
10:00

Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

Published on: February 17, 2017

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal ion channel in sensory neurons.
  • TRPA1 is implicated in diverse physiological processes including pain, temperature sensation, and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in TRPA1 physiology, pharmacology, and molecular function.
  • To discuss the current understanding and controversies surrounding TRPA1's polymodal gating mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent experimental and theoretical studies on TRPA1.
  • Analysis of data concerning TRPA1 activation by chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli.

Main Results:

  • TRPA1's role in sensory perception and inflammation is supported by substantial evidence.
  • Despite extensive research, the precise molecular gating mechanisms of TRPA1 remain largely undetermined.

Conclusions:

  • TRPA1 is a key sensor involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the complex molecular mechanisms underlying TRPA1 channel function.