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Lateral caudal axial pattern flap in 13 dogs.

Vincenzo Montinaro1, Federico Massari1, Luca Vezzoni1

  • 1Clinica Veterinaria Nerviano, Milan, Italy.

Veterinary Surgery : VS
|November 5, 2014
PubMed
Summary

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The lateral caudal axial pattern flap is a viable surgical option for reconstructing skin defects in dogs. While some dogs experienced minor complications like dehiscence or flap necrosis, most healed successfully without long-term issues.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Surgery
  • Dermatology
  • Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

  • Large skin defects in dogs, particularly on the dorsum, gluteal, and perineal regions, pose reconstructive challenges.
  • Axial pattern flaps are a common method for covering such defects, but specific data on the lateral caudal axial pattern flap is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the frequency and severity of complications associated with lateral caudal axial pattern flaps.
  • To assess the flap's effectiveness in covering large skin defects in specific anatomical regions of dogs.

Main Methods:

  • A case series review of medical records from 13 client-owned dogs treated with lateral caudal axial pattern flaps.
  • Data collected included flap length, defect characteristics, and short- and long-term complications.

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  • Flap length was measured relative to tail length.

    • Main Results:

    • Eleven dogs had defects from tumor excision, and two had traumatic skin loss.
    • The mean flap length was 51% of tail length (range 33-70%).
    • Four dogs experienced wound complications, including distal dehiscence (2) and distal flap necrosis (2), requiring additional wound care or surgical revision. All flaps healed by 30 days with no long-term complications.

    Conclusions:

    • The lateral caudal axial pattern flap is a feasible reconstructive technique for gluteal, dorsal, and perineal skin defects in dogs.
    • Complications such as distal flap necrosis and dehiscence can occur but are manageable with appropriate wound care, not always necessitating surgical revision.